Why the Caspian Sea has become so important in both the Ukraine and Iran wars

The recent attack by Ukraine of a Russian missile-carrying corvette stationed in the Caspian Sea more than 1,500km away from Kyiv has put the spotlight on this large, often overlooked body of inland salt water. The Caspian Sea hosts major offshore oil and gas fields and critical maritime infrastructure, including ports, pipelines and terminals that […]

Nasa bets big on nuclear engines to cut journey times to Mars

Illustration of a Mars mission that utilises nuclear propulsion. Nasa Nasa is developing ways to use nuclear power to send spacecraft to their destinations. Nuclear propulsion could greatly reduce the journey time to Mars, perhaps cutting a voyage of more than six months to three or four months. The idea of nuclear propulsion in space […]

King’s speech: much-needed water industry reforms do not go far enough

JU.STOCKER/Shutterstock Water bills are rising, public anger over sewage pollution has not abated, and the government has now set out a major overhaul of water regulation in the king’s speech. The proposed water reform bill signals a shift in emphasis. Rather than focusing solely on water companies, the legislation aims to address pollution more broadly, […]

What a list of Black Death survivors reveals about the way people recovered from plague

The Dance of Death by John of Kastav (1490). National Gallery of Slovenia In our research in the British Library’s medieval collections, we have identified a previously unnoticed document that provides fresh insights into the survivors of the outbreak of plague known as the Black Death (1346–53). The document – a scrap of parchment inserted […]

Cannabis: it’s medicine if you’re rich enough – a crime if you’re not

elenavolf/Shutterstock.com In Britain, whether cannabis is treated as medicine or a crime may depend less on medical need than on the ability to pay. In 2018, the UK government changed drug policy, allowing specialist doctors to prescribe cannabis-based medicinal products. The decision was presented as a move towards evidence-based healthcare, recognising cannabis may have therapeutic […]

Other countries can learn from the UK’s successful shift to fortnightly bin collections

Maulana Noriandita/Shutterstock The government has recently introduced simpler rules on recycling in England, planning to end the confusion of different types of waste being collected in different postcodes. Scotland and Northern Ireland already operate (or are updating) their own devolved recycling laws that are equivalent to England’s simpler recycling system. This should also mean the […]