Turning debt into forests: the finance tool making a comeback

There’s huge scope for debt-for-nature swaps to help protect forests in Indonesia. bumi.akasha/Shutterstock In 2023, Ecuador struck an unusual deal. Instead of simply paying back its debts, it refinanced part of them on better terms and promised to spend the savings protecting the Galápagos Islands. This type of transaction, known as a debt-for-nature swap, is […]

Cubans living abroad now hold the key to their country’s uncertain future

Since the early days of Cuba’s 1950s revolution – which overthrew the US-backed dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista and replaced it with a socialist government led by Fidel Castro – the Cuban diaspora have played a large role in determining the island nation’s economic and political landscape. The first wave of predominantly wealthy, white Cuban emigrants […]

Steroid injections for joint pain: everything you need to know about using them

Steroid injections offer a rapid, effective way of reducing joint pain. crystal light/ Shutterstock Osteoarthritis affects around 600 million people globally. It causes pain, stiffness and reduced joint function – most commonly in the knees, hands and hips. There’s currently no cure for osteoarthritis. Many people manage the condition through exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, […]

Feeling distracted? How hobbies can help you find ‘flow state’ and save your brain

Raev Denis/Shutterstock We live in what has been called the “distraction economy”: an environment full of triggers that are engineered to demand our attention at every turn. The result is often fragmented attention, loss of focus and sometimes even increased rumination and anxiety. Becoming fully absorbed in an activity is rare. Think of a time […]

South Africa’s farmers aren’t yet replacing chemical fertilisers with sustainable alternatives – this is why

Green bean plants in one of the small-scale farms in Phiring village, South Africa. Mokgadi Hlongwane, CC BY-NC-ND The growing use of toxic agricultural chemicals including fertilisers is also driving a scaling up of sustainable agrochemical alternatives. In South Africa, I’ve been exploring why small-scale farmers resist switching to these more cost-effective and environmentally friendly […]

Five tips to make your memory work more effectively

ImageFlow/Shutterstock As a researcher investigating how electric brain stimulation can improve people’s powers of recollection, I’m often asked how memory works – and what we can do to use it more effectively. Happily, decades of research have given us some clear answers to both questions. Memory essentially operates in three stages, with different brain regions […]